+ Vector:

+
permeability
Magnetic flux density (T or ) & magnetic field intensity (A/m) depend on and circulate around a current.

+
permittivity
Electric field intensity (V/m) & electric flux density generate from and diverge from a charge.

+ Speed of light .
In particular for air .

+ capacitor.

+ inductor.

+ Need Amplitude and Phase to specify a sine wave.

+ From real instantaneous form to complex phasor
(exponential form) or (polar form)
Note: the angular freq is implicit for phasor

+ Euler identity: ,
i.e. rectangular coordinates (real, imaginary axes) polar coordinate (amplitude, phase). Example 1.1: polar form and exponential form of complex number
Compute product of complex variables in polar & sum of complex variables in rectangular.
NOTE: Upper phasor; lower time varying.
Example 1.2: Sum and product of complex number

+ From complex phasor to real instantaneous form.
Multiple phasor by and take its real part, i.e. .

+ Derivative with respect to time .

+ Conjugate of a complex number; .
; .
For system with two sine waves of different freq, use principle of superposition.
Example 1.3: Applying phasor to RL circuit
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HW #1	Due 1/25/07